Executive master in Law and Artificial Intelligence

Programme content

AMBITION OF THE PROGRAMME

Legal, political and ethical challenges

The "digitalization" of our lives poses a real challenge for the law, given that the rules currently in force may turn out to be unsuitable or insufficient to cope with this new reality.

This could have an impact on all aspects of the law, including liability law (civil/criminal, contractual/non-contractual), intellectual property, trade secrets, competition, consumer protection, privacy protection, insurance law and judicial law. Sooner or later, the changes brought about by AI will affect every single area.

The aim of this programme is to help legal advisers and publlic policymakers better understand these changes, anticipate them and guide them where appropriate.

Multidisciplinary training (both legal and technical)

To grasp AI's impact on our society, it is worth learning about the technical aspects as well: understanding how an algorithm works, getting to grips with IT jagon, understanding what is meant by "deep learning", "neural network", and so on. This is also about teaching legal advisers about technology. Legal advisers and policymakers need to have a working understanding of technological concepts in order to provide better counsel to their clients, companies or public authorities.

With this in mind, the courses are run by both legal advisers and technical experts. The technical experts use concrete, understandable language to shed light on changes in our society and the huge potential of AI and cognitive technologies.

Special emphasis is placed on sector where AI is growing the most at the moment: mobility, finance, healthcare and legal services.

PROGRAMME

The programme is entirely taught in English and is divided into four blocks of 20 modules. Students who pass all the modules will be awarded an "Executive Master" of 15 credits.

BLOCK 1 - AI Fundamentals - 12 hours (2 ECTS)

This first block is divided in four modules. The basis of artificial intellingence and the latest resarch in technologies will be presented in the context of policy, law and regulatory issues.

Facing the lack of knowledge in this area, the aim of "Building blocks" is to introduce Artificial Intelligence as a Science. In other words, to offer participants knowledge and understanding of the Science of AI and its utility, mechanism and capacity for our society.

Module 1 - First Dive into AI Science

How to characterize AI: Edge between Science and engineering of making machines
What is Machine intelligence via learning?
What is Supervised Learning
How does Artificial Neural Networks work
How do you process Deep Learning?
What are the different uses with Big Data?
Do you know Natural Language Processing (NLP)?
Antitrust Cases in AI Science
The role of Unsupervised Learning in Antitrust Cases
What are the regulatory issues for cognitive technology and AI?
General legal options in relation to AI
AI technology introduction in the Public Sector
What is good Public Administration
How does AI intervene in Pubic Administration efficiency?

Module 2 - Public Policy and Regulation

Introduction: AI as a discipline
Great diversity of AI applications
Economic impact of AI
European approach to AI
Artificial Intelligence for Europe
European R and D strategy
General safety framework for robots and AI powered
Defective Products Liability Directive
Privacy
Data quality and integrity
Competition policy
Transparency
Intellectual Property Rights
Ethical challenges of AI
The AI High Level Expert Group - 52 Experts
The European AI Alliance
Ethical Guidelines for AI
What to regulate
How to regulate
Regulation by whom

Module 3 - Initiation to Algorithm Design

PART 1 - AI CONCEPTS

What is AI? Examples of AI
Why is AI important? (+ Ethics and legal implications)
How does it work?
Machine Learning
"Data Culture"
A feeling of possibility

PART 2 - AI PROJECTS

What to do? Detecting opportunities
How to choose an AI project
Workflow of an I project
Case

Module 4 - Ethics and AI

AI Ethics: an Introduction
Ethics 101: Why are we talking about Ethics?
Main ethical theories
Ethical relativism?
Ethics of AI
Disambiguation: Ethics of AI/Machine Ethics
Ethics and the Law
challenges to govern "AI"
From Ethics to Policy and Law
An STS approach to AI Ethics
AI Ethics put to Practice: Policy, Law and Use-cases
The EU Approach to Ethical AI
Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI
Beyond the EU border
Use Cases

The courses will allocate resources to respond both academic and law firm' needs. Besides, synergies between these two sectors are considered to be essential for the project aims accomplishment. In the first module, participants will receive an overview of Artificial Intelligence as an introduction.

BLOCK 2 - Law of AI - 18 hours (3 ECTS)

This second block is divided in eight modules. The participants will learn about the law of AI and the regulations that are created around the development of AI.

Facing the lack of knowledge in this area, the aim of "Law of AI" is to present the theories of law in the understanding of AI and cognitive technologies. Essential topics such as AI an Liability, GDPR, Cybersecurity, IP and so on...

Module 5 - EU regulation : The AI act

Module 6 - Liability

PART 1 - AI AND LIABILITY

Definitions matter, Autonomy and Electronic personhood
EU Directive on liability for defective products
A law and economic analysis of prodct liability
Alternatives: Risk-Management
Separating the functions of liability rules
The October 2020 proposal fo the EU Parliament
Cases studies

PART 2 - LIABILITY DIRECTIVE

EU safety and liability frameworks
Principles of the EU safety and liability frameworks
Main concepts of the directive
Recent findings

Module 7 - Data protection

Introduction: context of personal data regulation and privacy and its relationship with AI
Evolving data protection reform causes and correlations
Data and AI - Soft law, getting harder
GDPR applies to "processing" of "personal data"
GDPR
First cases/decisions

Module 8 - Competition and Consumer Protection

AI and Data related Competition Policy developments in Europe
Algorithm, Data and Competition Law
Background
Competition law issues raised by AI
Risk of tacit colllusion
Price discrimination
How competition agencies might be able to use AI as a tool in their work?
Market based/tech solutions
Could or should we use AI systems to solve those problems?

Module 9 - AI and law enforcement

Introduction: AI Compliance Tools and Applications
Detection tools
Prediction tools for facts
Prediction tools for legal outcomes
Automated adjudication tools
Execution tools
Conclusions
References

Module 10 - Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property

What is IP right?
Trademarks
Patents
Copyrights
Design rights
What is AI?
Relevant concepts
Are AI creations protectable by IPRS?
Copyrights
AI generated works
Authorship
Patnents
Patentability AI
AI Co-inventorship
Ethics and AI
To a new patent system
Processing, Mining (and Producing) Data in the EU: A Copyright Perspective
Data and Copyright
Data Processing
Data Mining
Data Production

Module 11 - Cybersecurity

What is Cybersecurity?
AI and Cybersecurity: legal perspective
Case Study
Legal perspective
Legal impact of AI
AI as issue for GDPR compliance
AI in inverstivation and prosecution
AI in court : mind the gap
AE within Security and Microsoft's approach to security
Security built on intelligence
Technical perspective of Cybersecurity
Security and Privacy by Design
Cybersecurity and AI
AI as a tool to defend
AI as a vulnerable object
Encryption: hiding training date
Model itegrity
Entity authentication
Phishing Security is necessary for privacy
What is privacy for whom?
The theory of Contextual Integrity
Privacy and AI
Federated learning

Module 12 - Labour market and labour law

BLOCK 3 - AI in practice - 18 hours (3 ECTS)

The third block is divided in seven modules. The participants will learn about different ways that AI is used and implemented in the legal sector.

Facing the lack of knowledge in the area, the aim of "AI Applications" is to present the different use of AI and how it can be developed to answer a specific need throughout solutions. The participants have learned about the theories and concepts of law and AI, they will now understand its application as a technology serving a purpose.

Module 13 - AI Applications for Lawyers

AI, big data and open data: challenges and opportunities
Drivers for increasing success AI
Expert Systems and AI applications in LegalTech
Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing
Ethic of Algorithms
Open legal data
Open case law
Legaltech in practice
Digital transformation
Tailor-made solutions for your compagny
Customized Business Applications
Document Analysis and review
Retrieving online information
Legal Inference Transformation Engine

Module 14 - AI contracting

Module 15 - Implementing an AI Project in My Organisation

What's your level of artificial intelligence understanding?
How mature is your organisation in terms of artificial intelligence integration?
What are your expectations for this session?
The need for automation
The automation ladder
What is Artificial Intelligence?
Sofware development
Business case of Sagacify

Module 16 - Coding for Lawyers

During the first lecture you will learn the basic principles of coding:

Sequence of instructions
Loops and repetitions
Conditonal execution
Variables

You will learn these constructions while step by step implementing an algorithm to escape from any maze.

In the second lecture you will further practice coding:

Exercises on writing small programs
Functions as a tool for abstraction
Manually build a classification system

The lecture will be wrapped up by connecting the new insights you gained into programming and with AI applications such as text classification.

Module 17 - Beyond AI: Blockchain and Digital currencies

PART 1

Blockchain History
What's a Blockchain?
Where does it comes from?
How does a Blockchain works?
Blockchain transcaction
Blockchain Principles
Blockchain Concepts
Paying with cryptocurrencies
Using Bitcoin
Hard wallet
Blockchain projects

PART 2

Exploring some blockchain concepts : Crypto-assets: NFTs, Smart Contracts
Blockchain and law : NFTs and legal implications, Liability, Blockchain and Data Protection
Blockchain regulation

Module 18 - Smart Contracts

Building our own cryptocurrency with a smart contract
Ethereum platform and smart contracts
Introduction on Smart Contracts
What are Smart Contracts?
Pros and Cons
Smart Contracts in different domains
Legal Smart Contracts
The Future

Module 19 - Economic regulation and competition policy in the metaverse

BLOCK 4 - Vertical approach : Industry, sectors and professions - 12 hours (2 ECTS)

This fourth block is divided in fives modules. The participants will learn about the use of AI in different sectors and industry.

Facing the lack of knowledge in this area, the aim of "Industry, sectors and professions" is to present the different use of AI as a solution in variable practices. AI bring solutions to those sectors for its specificity. The participants have learned about the theories and concepts of law and AI, the AI Applications as a legal tool. They will now verify its usefelness in different industry and sectors linked to legal purposes.

Module 20 - Mobility and AI

Introduction to Smart Mobility
Artificial Intelligence in the automotive sector
Analysing the impact of algorithms in the automotive industry and on insurance company
EU Regulatory approach to AI - Critical issues for our industry : Commission's White Paper on AI, European Parliament Draft Reports on AI related aspects
Conclusion

Module 21 - Healthcare and Life Sciences

AI in Healthcare: principles, applications (augmented medicine), challenges and future directions
Identifying health issues through the analysis of digital data
Analysing medical images
Analysing genomics in the context of the advent of personalized medicine
Ethics in data
AI use cases in healthcare

Module 22 - Finance and AI

General introduction: AI as a Technology
Machine Learning Landscape
What has changed?
Three types of Machine Learning
General Legal and Ethical principles and considerations
Trustworthy AI
AI Adoption in Finance : Where are we today?
Uses Cases:
AI Powered Predictive Analytics
Hyper-personalization
Intelligent Process Optmizations (Back-Office)
How and where shoud FSI's start? Tips, Tricks and advice on how to start with AI

Module 23 - Standardization and AI

Module 24 - Legal services

AI modernising the legal profession
Crucial challenges for legal services and legal professions
The need for a strategic vision of lawyering
Lawyers need Strategic Analysis
AI and (more globaly) Tech as a challenge and a solution for lawyers
How does Tech change lawyers' tasks?
Changing the way lawyers work
Legal Talent Management
The European context of LegalTech
Pseudonymisation, anonymisation and differential privacy
Online pubilication of machine-readable court records: a milestone in the transformation of the law
AI and negotiation/mediation
AI and arbitration
AI through the eyes of a company lawyer.

ASSESSMENT

1 - Evaluation of Blocks 1 and 2

At the end of block 1 and block 2, students will receive bia the "My BSC" learning platform an individual take-home exam to be return two weeks later (e.g. case studies, multiple choixe questions, etc.).

2 - End-of-year work

During the year, the student will identify a subject of his/her choice related to AI law. The final project can take one of the following two forms:

if the subject is more theoretical, the student can write a dissertation (about 20 pages)
if the subject is more technical and/or practical, the student can choose to give an oral presentation in front of a jury (e.g. business case, AI application to be developped by your organisation, LegalTech project, etc.)

To earn the Executive Master in Law and AI diploma, studentsd must:

Be enrolled for the full programme (20 modules)
Earn a grade of at least 10/20 for the block 1 exam and block 2 exam
Earn a grade of at least 10/20 for their end-of-year work