Transversal skills (decision making and relational), 5 wk.

Veterinary management of animal resources

Not applicable

Pharmacotherapeutic decision making module

The great number of professional situations, very different in appearance, can be grouped into families that share a similar decision-making approach. The learning objective is thus simplified and based on the acquisition of a general approach applied to each family.
If this approach clarifies the objectives, it does not solve the problem of integrating knowledge and techniques that have become bloated in the process of decision making.
The families are qualified as "complex" not in the sense of the difficulty of the medical case to be resolved but because the number of parameters to be integrated to make an decision, medical but also economic, legal, societal, psychological, ethical ...
In most cases, the veterinarian is called to make quick decisions. This has several consequences which affect, in practice, the decision process. The objective of this module is to train the students to this process.
Each of us with our level of knowledge and skills, must make decisions. Students are expected to be able to respond quickly and implement to make a quick decision, never forgetting that these decisions can always be improved. They are taken by mobilizing internal resources (knowledge, skills and attitudes) in the context of a complex situation. The basic rule is to never take irreversible decisions, dangerous and overly expensive. We must immediately raise the question of risk (animal health, public health, economic, legal liability ...). Whatever the decision, it is essential to communicate it to the stakeholders.
After this first decision and risk analysis, students are encouraged to clarify their doubts which may lead to reconsider the original decision.
The higher the risk is high and doubt, the more the decision maker should seek to improve its decision on the basis of new information by following the process proposed by the Evidence Basedb Medicine. EBM, refers to conscious and explicit use of the best scientific evidence and information to make a decision. During this process, the veterinarian combines the best personal experience with evidences found in the literature.
Students must possess the skills required to get complete information and knowledge to optimize an initial medical decision, knowing that the the time to make it is limited. Students must not waste time to find not essential information to make à good decision, and conversely, must not miss out crucial information that will make the difference between good and poorer medical decision.
The decision maker is better informed about certain aspects of the problem and it should eventually modify its original decision. This new decision is not yet perfect, but given the realities, it is currently acceptable. Concepts
Competency framework: which format for which target. Vandeweerd JM., Cambier C., Romainville M., Perrenoud P., Desbrosse F., Dugdale A., Gustin P. J. Vet. Med. Education. in press.
Understanding veterinary practitioners' decision-making process: implications for veterinary medical education. Vandeweerd JM., Vandeweerd S., Gustin C., Keesemaecker G., Cambier C., Clegg P., Saegerman C., Reda A., Perrenoud P., Gustin P. J Vet Med Education. 39, 142-151, 2012.

Veterinary care communication module

This activity aims to sensitize students to the importance of communication in veterinary consultation.
It is based on an adaptation of the "Calgary-Cambridge" model.

Gestion professionnelle vétérinaire

The activity aims at helping the student to anticipate his initial steps as a professional.

Veterinary management of animal resources

Not apllicable

Pharmacotherapeutic decision making module

The first objective of the  module is to train the students to integrate their knowledge and knowhow gained in the first four years of their cursus. A reflexive and methodical process will help the students to prepare themselves to perform better therapeutical decision making process
The second objective is to train the students to use the Evidence Based Medecine (EBM) approach in the context of clinical and non clinical decison making.
The learners should be able to

• Search the appropriate literature,

• Assess the internal validity of the information found in the literature.

• Assess the external validity of the information (is it applicable to the case)

• Apply the principles of cursory reading of the literature (reading by "layers")
  
• Understand and explain what is a bias and a random error,
  
• Identify the future applications of EBM in their practice,
  
• Integrate EBM in the process of decision making

• Understand the different elements of decision making by integrating them in a multidisciplinary context

• Synthesize the elements and justify the final decisions

Veterinary care communication module

Development of students analysis and comprehension skills about communication with clients in veterinary consultation.

Gestion professionnelle vétérinaire

At the end of this activity, the student should be able to consider and discuss his/her professional future, as well as practical modalities of private medicine exercise and strategic planning (incl. SWOT analysis).

Veterinary management of animal resources

Not applicable

Pharmacotherapeutic decision making module

All disciplines taught during the first four years of the curriculum must be integrated into decision-making. Specific tools such as literature review, evidence-based medicine and English are essential to this process.

Veterinary care communication module

Nothing

Veterinary management of animal resources

Not applicable

Pharmacotherapeutic decision making module

Each week, each group must make a decision following the process described above regarding one situation. The exercise will be repeated 1 time. The first day, the group must make a quick decision to explain it to to the stakeholders. Then the group will conduct self-criticism and self-assessment under the control of supervisors who assist the students in the process of decision making. At the end of the process leading to the verification of the first decision , students will probably have to change substantially some elements of the initial decision. It is not yet perfect, but given the realities, it is currently acceptable

Veterinary care communication module

Mainly based on role games

Gestion professionnelle vétérinaire

* 3 activities in face-to-face
* video material on the e-learning platform
* homeworks, described on the first activity.

Veterinary management of animal resources

Not applicable

Pharmacotherapeutic decision making module

The learning method is based on the PBL technique but whose objectives and process are suitable for decision making in complex situations. Detailed information is provided to students early in the first week. Each group will have to manage 3 situations (a situation / week) and will discuss with an owner during the week. Every Friday, each group presents its decisions to the expert panel in the presence of three sother groups will then have the task of providing a brief report to amend the decision taking into account a contextual change or to instruct a major question not covered by the group in charge of the issue.

Veterinary care communication module

Presential

Gestion professionnelle vétérinaire

* online video content
* presential activities, involving the Union Professionnelle Vétérinaire

Pharmacotherapeutic decision making module

Lecture conseillée
Guide pratique de médecine factuelle vétérinaire : De la preuve scientifique à la décision clinique

• Editeur : Editions du Point Vétérinaire (15 septembre 2009)
• Collection : Sine qua non
• Langue : Français
• ISBN-10: 2863262858
• ISBN-13: 978-2863262856

Veterinary care communication module

 Handbook of veterinary communication skills (2010) C Gray & J Moffett, Wiley-Blackwell
 
Calgary Cambridge model:
http://www.med.ucalgary.ca/education/learningresources

Veterinary management of animal resources

Not applicable

Pharmacotherapeutic decision making module

Written examination. An exemption from the examination can be obtained based on the realization and success (note> 9) of group work during the academic year. The score for this work is individual.
The score for this work is individual. If a student / group score is < 10 / 20, each student must present an examination during the first session and, if necessary, during the second session.
The module is compulsory. If the absence is not justified, there will be a sanction and the grade will be changed accordingly. Students should be in time at the course. A delay of more than 15 minutes will be considered as an absence. All documents that justify the absence should be submitted to the department the day that follows the absence.
In case of unjustified absence at the presentation on Friday, the student's score will be zero. 
The final grade will be calculated as a mean of the 2 grades obtained each week.

Veterinary care communication module

Half of the evaluation concerns the student's investment in role games and discussions, and the other half concerns the oral presentation of a personal report at the end of the activity.

Gestion professionnelle vétérinaire

Active participation to the pedagogic activities is validated through a mention of succes. No quantified evaluation is foreseen. Absence, passivity or inappropriate behaviors will be sanctionned through a mention of failure/absence. 

Pharmacotherapeutic decision making module

The presence of students is required every day for 2 weeks of training to benefit from the guidance of teachers who have to oversee the process of decision making, to help students in the use of specific tools as EBM, literature review.

Veterinary care communication module

At the former library, 9-12 a.m. every morning

Veterinary management of animal resources

Not applicable

Pharmacotherapeutic decision making module

Pr P GUSTIN

Veterinary care communication module

Catherine Delguste, cdelguste@ulg.ac.be
Vinciane Toppets, vtoppets@ulg.ac.be

Gestion professionnelle vétérinaire

Nicolas Antoine-Moussiaux
e-mail: nantoine@uliege.be(nantoine@ulg.ac.be )
tel office 04 366 4142