Duration
30h Th, 48h Pr, 4h Mon. WS
Number of credits
| Bachelor in veterinary medicine | 6 crédits |
Lecturer
Language(s) of instruction
French language
Organisation and examination
Teaching in the first semester, review in January
Schedule
Units courses prerequisite and corequisite
Prerequisite or corequisite units are presented within each program
Learning unit contents
Anatomy is the science which study the organisation of living beings. It is the fondation of the teaching of medicine and consists of a necessary introduction to the knowledge of the sound organism and its functions. Veterinary anatomy is general and comparative: it concerns all animal domestic species and describes resemblances and caracteristical differences. The course anatomy of domestic animals I is the first part of the anatomy course. He will be followed by the animal anatomy II, in the 2nd quadrimester of block 2 and III and IV, in the 3rd year of the bachelor's degree. In block 2, the anatomy course has 2 parts: the anatomy I part concerns the musculoskeletal system (limbs and belts) (30h CT, 4h TD, 48h TP) and the part II the neckline, the trunk, the splanchnocrane and splanchnology (30h CT, 6h TD, 48h TP). General introduction are given on the different concerned tissues.Osteology, arthrology, myology and esthesiology will be successively studied for the fore and rear limb and vertebral column. The main species studied will be domestic carnivores, horse, ruminants with special attention for equine digit.
This course constitues a pre-requisite for Anatomy II.
Learning outcomes of the learning unit
A the end of the lessons, students must know the anatomical basic vocabulary, be able to cite the general organisation of all the studied systems, to describe and draw the morphology of anatomical structures and to explain their functions. He must be able to represent the axes of bones from belts, be capable of placing the limb with regard to the trunk, of being capable of placing a bone with his axis or a joint on an image of alive animal. He must be able to draw the shape of the articular surfaces and to explain precisely how the articulation functions.
In practics, the student must be able to adapt the knowledge to the professional requirements, particularly in the field of clinical sciences; medical imaging, semiology, propedeutics and surgery as well as in foodstuffs inspection
Learning tips : Anatomy is a big course that may frighten several students that believe that they must learn by heart. However, even if long hours are necessary to learn it, the numerous connections made with physiology, histology, biochemistry and pathology make it very interesting. The understanding of the course is indispensable and turns out much more important than the knowledge of small sharp details without clinical interest.
It is necessary to begin with the anatomical basic vocabulary, the study of the table of content, with big titles and then general conformation, main characteristics, function and localisation before studying small details.
Tables showing the specific learning objectives of the course are posted on e-campus
Prerequisite knowledge and skills
Planned learning activities and teaching methods
Assistance to practical lessons is obligatory. Any absence from the TP must be made up during the quadrimester, within a time window approved by the assistants. If not, the student may be prohibited from presenting his exam during the first session.
The program includes 48 hours of practical work (TP) and 4 hours of tutorials (TD). These TP and TD are complementary to the theoretical courses. Practical work groups and timetables are accessible on the student portal of the faculty website and on the CELCAT calendar. Practical work is organized in groups of 45 to 50 students, per 4-hour session in the morning (8:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.). All lab sessions take place in the dissection rooms of the anatomy department (see the "biosafety" link for access). The species studied during the practical work for this teaching unit are the horse, the bovine, the dog and the cat.
A practical workbook is available on eCampus. It constitutes the reference support for practical work:
Presentation of the course, objectives and content of the different sessions.
Explanation of the different assessment methods.
Description of the specific material of the practical work and the elements to observe or highlight for each session with the approaches / dissection techniques to be preferred.
Practical work is useful for assimilating the matter and linking theoretical descriptions to visual and real manipulation of the various anatomical structures, provided that you arrive in the room having reviewed and prepared the material for the session, at least. In general, each session begins with a tutorial which serves as a refresher and describes how to proceed for the study of bones and joints, and during dissections. For dissection work, students are grouped into teams of 2 to 4 students: each team is responsible for dissecting a full limb for myology. Dissections of arthrology pieces will be possible. Each team bears collective responsibility for the dissected pieces and the arthrology pieces it handles, as well as the quality of the dissections. Apart from practical work sessions, the osteology room is accessible every working day of the academic year (on request). The bones made available to you are sorted and stored in cupboards which are annotated. At the end of your work, the bones must be stored in the cupboards and/or in the ad hoc boxes.
Organization and subject of the practical sessions:
Osteo 1 (4h): introduction of TP / bones of the shoulder girdle, arm, forearm, hand / shoulder, elbow, carpal (knee), metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.
Osteo 2 (4h): bones of the pelvic girdle, thigh, leg, foot / hip, stifle, tarsal (hock), metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.
Osteo 3 (4h): bones of the axial skeleton: vertebral column, ribs, sternum / intervertebral joints, costovertebral, sterno-costal and sacroiliac joint.
Arthro 1(4h): Dissection of a joint (stiffle or shoulder or elbow)
Dissection week 1 (20h, 5 times 4h): study of the forelimbs (MA) or hindlimbs (MP) in a comparative approach.
Dissection week 2 (20h, 5 times 4h): study of the hind limbs (MP) or forelimbs (MA) in a comparative approach.
All of this information is included and detailed in the workbook (eCampus).
A dissection quality control, a compulsory formative evaluation and an oral certificative evaluation (preparation for the oral exam of TP) are planned during the quadrimester:
An optional osteology test is available on eCampus and remains accessible throughout the semester. This is a practice test.On Thursday of week 1 of dissection, quality control of myological dissections takes place. This involves observation of the dissected pieces by an assistant followed by feedback and an oral exchange with each dissection team.
From the Fridayof week 1 of each student's dissection, a compulsory formative test is deployed on eCampus. This test includes different recognition questions based on a photo (MCQ, QROC, classification, ...) on all the osteology material, all the arthrology material and the myology material of the past week (MA or PM). The test must be passed (minimum mark of 10/20, 3 possible attempts) for the student to be authorized in week 2 of dissection. The test is accessible until Friday 12:00 p.m. preceding the 2nd week of dissection for each student.
On Friday of week 2 of dissection, a certificative oral assessment by dissection team takes place: it takes place in the form of an osteo-arthro-myo course, in particular on the dissection pieces of the week, and stirs the all of the practical work material (MA and MP). It aims to prepare students for the modalities of the oral examination of TP of this EU. The order of passage is communicated during the week (eCampus). The evaluation grid used by the assistants is available on eCampus. This assessment will account for 25% of the final grade of the TP part of the course (the remaining 75% will be issued during the TP exam that will take place in January).
For the practical activities of this teaching unit, the student must know and apply the biosecurity rules available at the following address https://www.fmv-biosecurite.ulg.ac.be/ anatomy/marche-a-suivre-unique . Specific biosecurity rules, linked to the health crisis, have been put in place and are presented to students in the form of video clips on eCampus.
Mode of delivery (face to face, distance learning, hybrid learning)
The program provides 30 hours of theoretical courses. The schedule therefore includes 4-6 hours of anatomy per week in the first quadrimester. The attendance of the theoretical courses is not obligatory, however, it is strongly advised. The approach to the subject is clearly developed and the focus is on the parties to know in order to pass the exam. Diagrams and drawings are regularly made using a graphics tablet, recorded and put online and allow easier storage. Most courses are podcasted A review session may be organized at the end of the semester at the request of the students. Matters not included must be forwarded to course delegates who will draw up a list which they will send, a few days before the meeting, to the teacher. Gabriel. Theoretical courses, TDs and the revision session are the only moments during which the theory is seen. The goal of TPs is learning and applying knowledge.
Recommended or required readings
Theoretical lessons:
Many different supports are available for students to learn in the anatomy course. Video supports such as course podcasts are uploaded to myuliege and practical videos are uploaded to e-campus. Very complete syllabuses (word) are drafted and deposited on the e-campus. These are the course materials and they contain anatomical plates from the course reference book, Dyce, Sack and Wensing, Texbook of veterinary Anatomy. Diagrams produced over time are deposited on e-campus in a folder entitled "Course reference diagrams". The diagrams which are produced live during the lessons are placed in a separate file entitled "diagrams carried out during the course". When there is no support in the form of a syllabus yet, it is the power points, filed in a file on the e-campus, which then serve as support for the course. It is up to everyone to find their preferred medium, according to their preferences, for learning the course.
Books other than the Dyce, of which you will find a short list below, can be useful to have more precise anatomical charts available (like those from the Barone) or when we are passionate about the anatomy of a particular species. . The following books are therefore given merely as an indication.
Anatomy of the dog. Miller, Christensen and Evans. Ed. W.B. Saunders Company
A color atlas of clinical anatomy of the dog and cat. J.S.Boyd. Wolfe Publishung Ltd.
Anatomie comparée des mammifères domestiques. Barone R. Tomes I, II et III
Sissons and Grossman's. The anatomy of the domestic animals. Volume 1. Ed. W.B. Saunders.
Practical work:
The reference book is the practical workbook (pdf), available on eCampus.
"Dissection" video clips are available on eCampus.
Precise anatomical plates: Comparative anatomy of domestic mammals. Barone R. Volumes I, II and III
Exam(s) in session
Any session
- In-person
written exam ( open-ended questions ) AND oral exam
Additional information:
In-person exam
The exam will consist of 2 parts, one written and one oral. The theoretical exam will be written. It counts for 65% of the final mark and will include some true / false (or multiple choice or QRM) questions, short open questions, questions on diagrams and diagrams to be produced / completed. The weighting of the questions will be indicated. To pass the exam, it is essential to have understood the matter and to know how to make sufficiently precise diagrams to explain the functional features.
Specific evaluation objectives will be provided to the students.
The practical exam is oral and account for 35% of the final grade; The TP exam consists of: (1) performing myological dissection of correct quality; (2) recognize and describe various bone, joint, muscle and tendon structures; (3) give the origins and insertions as well as the main functions of the muscles. Schedules established for these examinations must be strictly respected.
There is no partial exemption in this teaching unit. A student with a grade of less than 10/20 must represent both the theoretical and practical parts of the exam
Work placement(s)
Organisational remarks and main changes to the course
/ To enable students to better assimilate the theoretical matter, the organization of practical work was modified in order to increase the time students were present on site, in the dissection room. On e-campus, a single common discussion forum will now be accessible to ask questions relating to the subject, whether they relate to theory or practical work.
Contacts
Prof Annick Gabriel, annick.gabriel@uliege.be. Students may obtain a rendez-vous (preferate way: by e-mail) if they have any problem.
For practical works: Dr Anneliese Demil (a.demil@uliege.be) and Dr Charlotte Lausberg (clausberg@uliege.be) , Tel : 04/366 40 61