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| GEOG0024-1 | Remote Sensing
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| Duration : | 30h Th, 30h Pr |
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| Number of credits : |
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| Lecturer : | Yves Cornet |
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Language(s) of instruction :
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| French language |
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Organisation and examination :
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| Teaching in the second semester |
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Course contents :
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| Theory and supervised work
I. Introduction
1. Analysis of vectors
2. Nature of the signal
3. Notions of numeric image
II. Processing of monogenic images
4. Visualization of monogenic images
5. Contrast enhancement
6. Classifications of a spectral band
7. Geometric corrections
8. Radiometric corrections
9. Focal (local), zonal and global treatments
10. Filtering of images in the spatial domain
III. Processing polygenic images
11. Visualization of polygenic images - colour composites
12. Indices and arithmetic operators
13. Polygenic transformations
14. Classification of images
15. Multi-source analysis
IV. Some applications
16. Observation of emerged land (NDVI, LST, analysis of temporal series, teleconnections, LCC ...)
17. Satellite oceanography (SST, LSWT, Ocean color, analysis of temporal series, teleconnections, bathymetry, classification of sea beds, radar imagery, ...)
Practical work. Some subjects for practical work sessions are listed below:
I. Spectral unmixing
II. Relative radiometric normalization
III Image fusion
IV. Topographic normalization
V. Classification of ortho-images
VI. Classification of Landsat images
VII. SST Time series analysis at low spatial resolution (pathfinder)
VIII. LST Time series analysis at low spatial resolution (MODIS)
IX. LST Modelling at medium spatial resolution (Landsat TM, ETM+,OLI)
X. Edge detection (Canny) and Edge linking (Hough)
XI. Image segmentation (Maximun Enthropy Thresholding)
XII. Discovery of Grass (importation, visualization, geometric correction, classification, texture analysis ...)
XIII. The search for homologous points (Matlab programming)
XIV. Cloud detection (MODIS, AVHRR, ...)
XV. Discovery of Seadass
XVI. ... |
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Learning outcomes of the course :
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| Students will gain
* An understanding the acquisition process and nature of teledetection images used in the different areas of Earth, Living and Sea sciences
* A knowledge of the main types of processing applied to teledetection images.
* A grasp the functions of image processing using specific software tools.
* Using basic knowledge learned on the course, the student will also be capable of designing original solutions making it possible to answer new questions in the different areas for application of teledetection. By also using the skills and mindset acquired during previous courses (mathematics, statistics, physics, cartography, error propagation, digital methods applied to geography, programming ...), the student should also demonstrate the scientific rigour necessary for the analysis of these new techniques in the formulation of reliable technical solutions in their implementation and analysis of their results. |
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Prerequisites and co-requisites/ Recommended optional programme components :
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| The course involves an intense use of mono and multivariate statistical processing and the principles of spatial analysis. In addition, it frequently refers to notions of numeric analysis, matrix and analytical calculus studied during the mathematics course. Several physics concepts (electromagnetic spectrum, light radiation, Planck's equation, units and dimensions ...) are also important for a good understanding of this course.
It also calls upon a certain number of concepts dealt with during the digital cartography and mathematical cartography course. Software tools applied during practical sessions for the different courses given by members of the Geomatics Unit are also used.
These concepts and the use of these tools are briefly recalled during the year during theory, supervised work and practical work sessions.
In addition, the mindset learned during the different physics, mathematics, programming, cartography, and spatial analysis courses will be essential. |
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Planned learning activities and teaching methods :
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| The theory course is of the ex-cathedra type. Many complementary reminders to the digital supports made available to the students are done on the blackboard during sessions. At the beginning of each session a fifteen minute period is devoted to student's questions on the subject matter covered in the previous course. In addition, we also suggest that the students use an exercise book. This contains numerical examples illustrating the different methods explained during the theory course. Their aim is to enable the student to understand the concepts of the theory course I have identified over the years as being the most complicated. Typical answers are supplied. These exercises can be carried out with calculation or programming tools known to the students (Excel, programming languages learned during computer courses, scientific calculators ...) and don't need any image processing software.
The practical work is sub-divided into two parts, the supervised work and the practical work.
The supervised work carried out mainly under Idrisi principally illustrates almost all the methods explained during the theory course. The supervised work sessions alternate with the theory work sessions. Typical exercises and data sets comparable to those suggested during supervised work sessions as well as their solutions are suggested to students to enable them to autonomously test their aptitude for using software before the exam.
The practical work sessions are independently done by the students in a controlled environment. They are organised in accordance with the Problem-based learning. Each student must respond to an original image-treatment problem by using software tools made available to them. Evidently, the student can also choose alternative solutions by, for example, using software and programming environment tools. Basic scientific documentation is made available to the student but he is free to also analyse the documentation available elsewhere (web literature, software aids, discussion forums, reference books ...). A specific set of data on each subject is distributed. At the end of the practical work sessions, each student makes a PowerPoint presentation to the class of the problem, analysis of the technical solutions suggested and examples of the areas of application of these, the implementation of the solution or solutions, the description of the data used the results of the processing and their critical analysis, and a conclusion. After each presentation, a short period of questions and answers in which students and teachers participate is planned. All the PowerPoint presentations are made available to all of the students.
In addition, the students have free access to the Idrisi license and other software programmes through the VPN of ULg. For more information on access to these software programmes, they can consult the following web address : http://www.gitan.ulg.ac.be/cms. This site also contains the schedule for use of the computerized classroom B5a/4/18. If students wish to use it to complete their projects or to help them in their practical work, they can contact the staff of the Geomatics Unit. |
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Mode of delivery (face-to-face ; distance-learning) :
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| The method of teaching used is face-to-face. Presence at the supervised work and practical work sessions is obligatory. The sessions take place in the B5a/4/18 room, during the second term, all day on Tuesday. The theory courses alternate with supervised work sessions. The practical work sessions begin at the end of the theory and supervised work lessons. |
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Recommended or required readings :
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| MATHER P.M., 1999. Computer Processing of Remotely-Sensed Images. 2e édition. Wiley, Chichester, 292 p.
RUSSELL G. CONGALTON & KASS GREEN, 2008. Assessing the Accuracy of Remotely Sensed Data: Principles and Practices. CRC Pres, Second Edition.
Platform of Earth Observation (BELSO) : http://eo.belspo.be/ (consulté le 14/8/2014)
Landsat 7 handbook : http://landsathandbook.gsfc.nasa.gov/ (consulté le 14/8/2014)
Landsat 8 documentation: http://landsat.usgs.gov/landsat8.php (consulté le 14/8/2014)
Landsat Science : http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/?page_id=11 (consulté le 14/8/2014)
NOAA documentation: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/pod-guide/ncdc/docs/intro.htm (consulté le 14/8/2014) |
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Assessment methods and criteria :
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| A permanent non-certificative self-assessment is provided during exercise sessions by a strong interaction between students and teachers. It is also favored by the exerices notebook with solutions available to students (see above) and exercices - with solutions - typical of the practical work examinations.
Assessment will comprise three parts.
The presentation on the practical work constitutes the first part and makes up 25% of the final mark.
A second written and open book part, using the Idrisi software program, consists of solving an exercise comparable to those carried out during supervised work sessions. The students have around two hours to complete this exercise. This part of the exam accounts for 25% of the final mark.
The third part of the exam consists of a written answer to a question from the theory course. This theory exam accounts for 50% of the overall mark and lasts two hours.
The weighting mentioned above will be applied if the theoretical exam is passed (10/20 minimum). In the opposite case, the student will have to re-take the theory exam, in the second session.
This standard assessment procedure can be changed by agreement with the students who will be informed.
The assessment criteria are as follows: Clarity, coherence, logic, meticulousness, precision, completeness, brevity, relevance, cross-cutting nature (within the course and between courses), quality of mathematical (mathematical meaning of the different coefficients of the equation, e.g.), physics (dimensions and units, order of magnitude - scaling, e.g.) and geographical (single and multivariate spatial and temporal interaction - type - and meaning of the variables e.g.) interpretations. Critical thinking with respect to the data used (qualification, nature, meaning, representativeness, normalization ...) and methodological choices (justification of choice of methods, appropriate thresholds, ...) will also be taken into consideration when evaluation. Furthermore, answers will also be evaluated based on the quality and the originality of the graphic illustration since graphic expression is the scientist's specificity. It further allows demonstrating a good understanding of the phenomenon. Finally, enriching an answer with a rich personal scientific culture will also be considered a factor of excellence in the assessment. |
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Work placement(s) :
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| Nil |
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Organizational remarks :
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| Nil |
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Contacts :
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| Yves CORNET, Professor
Geomatics Unit, 17 (B5a), Allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liège
Tel. 04 3665371
Mail : ycornet@ulg.ac.be
Web: http://139.165.44.35/cms/index.php |
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| Items online : |
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| Course notes |
| The documents can be downloaded on the e-Campus site of the University of Liège. |
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