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| AERO0001-1 | Aerodynamics
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| Duration : | 30h Th, 30h Pr |
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| Number of credits : |
| Master in Aerospace Engineering, research focus, 1st year | | 5 |
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| Master in Aerospace Engineering, research focus, 2nd year | | 5 |
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| Master in Aerospace Engineering, research focus (Thrust), 1st year | | 5 |
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| Master in Engineering Physics, in-depth approach, 2nd year | | 5 |
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| Master in Aerospace Engineering, Professional Focus (Management), 1st year | | 5 |
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| Lecturer : | Thomas Andrianne, Vincent Terrapon |
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Language(s) of instruction :
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| English language |
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Organisation and examination :
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| Teaching in the second semester |
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Course contents :
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| This course presents the most fundamental aspects of aerodynamics. It focuses mostly on low-speed (incompressible) aerodynamics, but also briefly introduces some elements of compressible aerodynamics. Following topics are covered:
- Aerodynamic forces and moments: lift and drag, pitching moment, airfoil polar, aerodynamic center, center of pressure
- Incompressible potential flows, singularities (vortex, source, doublet), d'Alembert principle, circulation
- Superposition of fundamental solutions, Rankine oval, lifting cylinder, Kutta-Joukowski theorem, conformal mapping, complex formalism, Joukowsky airfoil
- Thin airfoil theory: line distribution of singularities, effect of thickness and camber, Kutta condition
- Panel methods: potential-based, vortex-based, source-based, equivalence between source, doublet and vortex-based methods
- 3D wings: vortex sheet, Prandtl lifting line theory for large aspect ratio wings, distribution of circulation, induced drag, downwash velocity, elliptic lift distribution, optimal wing, general lift distribution
- Boundary layers: concepts and definitions, boundary conditions, thickness, von Karman integral equation, flow separation and airfoil stall, transition to turbulence
- Laminar boundary layer: self-similar solution (Blasius, Falkner-Skan), Pohlhaussen method, Thwaites method
- Turbulent boundary layer: transition, characteristics, Reynolds-averaging, Head method, log law
- Compressible aerodynamics: compressible potential flow, Prandtl-Glauert equation, flow past a thin airfoil (subsonic, transonic, supersonic)
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Learning outcomes of the course :
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| At the end of the course, the students should be able to:
- Compute the aerodynamic forces and moments on a profile from a velocity or pressure distribution
- Differentiate between the sources of drag, their cause and characteristics
- Simplify important equations using dimensional analysis
- Calculate the potential flow around a profile using the method of singularities and conformal mapping
- Calculate the aerodynamic forces on a airfoil profile using the thin airfoil theory
- Understand the link between singularities and panel methods
- Calculate the inviscid aerodynamic forces on a three-dimensional wing from its two-dimensional characteristics
- Calculate the boundary layer from the potential flow solution
- Determine the best approach to compute the boundary layer (self-similar profile, integral method, ...)
- Compare experimental measurements, with theoretical and/or numerical results
- Differentiate between the physics of laminar and turbulent flows
- Determine the characteristics of transition to turbulence and flow separation from the pressure distribution and Reynolds number
- Average important equations using Reynolds approach
- Estimate the aerodynamic forces in the supersonic and transsonic regimes for thin airfoils
- Apply the concepts seen in class to other topics
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Prerequisites and co-requisites/ Recommended optional programme components :
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- Basic mathematics (e.g., MATH007 "Analyse mathématique II")
- Course MECA025 "Mécanique des fluides" or similar
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Planned learning activities and teaching methods :
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| Learning activities include exercise sessions and an integrated exercise by groups of 3 or 4 students.
The integrated exercise consists in wind tunnel laboratory work, where aerodynamic forces are measured on a wing model, and a theoretical part, where the potential flow and boundary layer around the wing are calculated with XFOIL. Results are then summarized in a written report. This mandatory integrated exercise allows the application of the theory seen in class to a concrete case and the comparison between theoretical, numerical and experimental results. |
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Mode of delivery (face-to-face ; distance-learning) :
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| The course is taught face-to-face in English. |
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Recommended or required readings :
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- "An Introduction to Theoretical and Computational Aerodynamics", Jack Moran, Dover
- Lecture notes
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Assessment methods and criteria :
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- Oral exam (theory): 35%
- Written exam (exercises): 35%
- Integrated exercise in groups: 30% (based on a written report)
Participation in the wind tunnel laboratory is mandatory to take the exam. |
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Work placement(s) :
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Organizational remarks :
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| The course is jointly taught by Prof. Terrapon and Dr. Andrianne.
The exact schedule will be communicated at the beginning of the course. Special arrangements will be provided to the students taking the course from KTH (students of the Master THRUST). |
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Contacts :
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| Prof. Vincent E. TERRAPON
MTFC research group
B52, 0/415
Phone: +32(0)4 366 9268
Email: vincent.terrapon@ulg.ac.be
Website: http://www.mtfc.ulg.ac.be
Dr. Thomas Andrianne
AEA research group
B52, +2/425
Tél.: +32(0)4 366 9521
Courriel: t.andrianne@ulg.ac.be |
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