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| BIOC0709-3 | Bioenergetics
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| Duration : | 30h Th, 20h Pr |
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| Number of credits : |
| Master in Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Research Focus, 1st year | | Second semester | | 3 |
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| Master in Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Teaching Focus, 1st year | | Second semester | | 3 |
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| Master en biochimie et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire, à finalité spécialisée en bio-industrie, 1st year | | Second semester | | 3 |
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| Master in Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Professional Focus in
Industrial Biochemistry, 1st year | | Second semester | | 3 |
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| Master en biochimie et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire, à finalité spécialisée en bioinformatique et modélisation, 1st year | | Second semester | | 3 |
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| Master in Biological Sciences | | Second semester | | 5 |
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| Lecturer : | Pierre Cardol, Fabrice Franck |
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| Coordinator : | Fabrice Franck |
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Language(s) of instruction :
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| French language |
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Course contents :
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| Partim Mitochondria (Pierre Cardol)
A) Introduction : - life, energy and metabolism - ATP and ionic gradients: intermediary stock of energy - oxygen: benefits and dangers - cofactors in redox reactions.
B) Respiratory chains : - mitochondrial respiratory chain , electron flux, organization of protein complexes - bacterial respiratoty chains - chemiosmotic mechanism - energy transfer via a proton gradient.
C) ATP synthesis : -stoichiometry - H+/P ratio: kinetic approach and thermodynamic approach.
D) H+ electrochemical gradient : - principles of its generation - mechanisms with a transport of hydrogen - ubiquinone cycle - H+ redox pumps.
E) Electron transfer mechanism.
F) ATP synthesis : - energetic - enzymatic mechanism - conformational model.
M) Introduction to comparative mitoproteomics: study of endogenous and exogenous energetic stresses.
G) Coupling and uncoupling between respiration and phosphorylation (OXPHOS) : - coupling mechanism - uncoupling agents - difference between intinsic uncoupling and H+ gradient dissipation - compartmentation - translocators - control of ATP synthesis.
H) OXPHOS : - molecular mechanisms and structures of complexes I, II, III, IV and V.
I) Other uses of the H+ gradient : - transports of metabolites, cations and anions.
J) Energy redox dissipation - role - NADH dehydrogenases - alternative oxidase.
K) H+ electrochemical gradient dissipation : uncoupling proteins - functional evidence - regulation - contribution to respiration - effect on OXPHOS yield.
Partim Photosynthesis (Fabrice Franck)
A) Introduction - General principle of oxygenic photosynthesis - Thylakoids of plants, algae and cyanobacteria
B) The first experiments of Emerson, demonstration of the occurrence of photosystems in unicellular algae
C) Pigments of the photosystems - tetrapyrroles and carotenoids
D) Properties of pigment excited states in vitro and in vivo. Principles of excitation energy transfers and charge separations
E) Molecular structures and functions of light-harvesting complexes - LHC's of plants, phycobilisoms of cyanobacteria and red algae, LHC's of photosynthetic bacteria
F) Photosynthetic reaction centers - Structure-function relationships - Evolution of reaction centers
G) Electron transport and photophosphorylations - Cytochrome b6/f structure and function, application of chemiosmotic theory to photophosphorylation - Peculiarities and regulation of chloroplastic ATP synthase
H) Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for analysing photochemical processes and energy dissipation in vivo - Theory of the relations between yields and energy fluxes - Ecophysiological applications
I) Regulation of photosynthetic electron transport - Protein phosphorylation, state transitions, non-photochemical quenching, xanthophyll cycle, photoinhibition, mitochondria/chloroplast interactions
J) Bacteriorhodopsin: a special photo-dependent proton pump |
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Learning outcomes of the course :
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| Respiration and photosynthesis generate a proton electrochemical gradient which can be used as driving force for ATP synthesis. Aims of the course are to explain the principles that govern these processes and to study the structures of protein complexes implicated. The balance between energy conserving and energy dissipating systems in front of energetic stresses are also stressed. |
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Prerequisites and co-requisites/ Recommended optional programme components :
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| General Biochemistry and Cellular physiology. |
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Planned learning activities and teaching methods :
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| Oral presentations |
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Mode of delivery (face-to-face ; distance-learning) :
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| face-to-face |
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Recommended or required readings :
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| "Bioenergetics 3" by David G. Nicholls and Stuart J. Ferguson (Academic press 2002). Supporting notes will be given. |
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Assessment methods and criteria :
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| Oral individual exam after written preparation (60%)
Written exam (40%). |
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Organizational remarks :
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| Lessons delivered at the second semester |
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Contacts :
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| Pierre Cardol
043663840
pierre.cardol@ulg.ac.be
Fabrice Franck
043663904
F.Franck@ulg.ac.be |
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