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| BIOC0709-2 | Bioenergetics
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| Duration : | 30h Th, 20h Pr, 15h Mon. WS |
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| Credits/ECTS : |
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| Holder(s) : | Fabrice Franck, Francis Sluse |
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| Language : | Langue française |
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| Course contents : | Partim animal (Francis Sluse)
A) Introduction : - life, energy and metabolism - ATP and ionic gradients: intermediary stock of energy - oxygen: benefits and dangers - cofactors in redox reactions.
B) Respiratory chains : - mitochondrial respiratory chain , electron flux, organization of protein complexes - bacterial respiratoty chains - chemiosmotic mechanism - energy transfer via a proton gradient.
C) ATP synthesis : -stoichiometry - H+/P ratio: kinetic approach and thermodynamic approach.
D) H+ electrochemical gradient : - principles of its generation - mechanisms with a transport of hydrogen - ubiquinone cycle - H+ redox pumps.
E) Electron transfer mechanism.
F) ATP synthesis : - energetic - enzymatic mechanism - conformational model.
M) Introduction to comparative mitoproteomics: study of endogenous and exogenous energetic stresses.
G) Coupling and uncoupling between respiration and phosphorylation (OXPHOS) : - coupling mechanism - uncoupling agents - difference between intinsic uncoupling and H+ gradient dissipation - compartmentation - translocators - control of ATP synthesis.
H) OXPHOS : - molecular mechanisms and structures of complexes I, III, IV and V.
I) Other uses of the H+ gradient : - transports of metabolites (MCF) - cation transports.
J) Energy redox dissipation (plants, protists, fungi) - role - NADH dehydrogenases - alternative oxidase.
K) H+ electrochemical gradient dissipation : uncoupling proteins - functional evidence - regulation - contribution to respiration - effect on OXPHOS yield.
L) Interaction between energy dissipating systems via a common effector in plants : - differential expression - possible metabolic role.
M) Introduction to comparative mitoproteomics: study of endogenous and exogenous stresses.
Partim végétal (Fabrice Franck)
A) Introduction - General principle of oxygenic photosynthesis - Thylakoids of plants, algae and cyanobacteria
B) The first experiments of Emerson, demonstration of the occurrence of photosystems in unicellular algae
C) Pigments of the photosystems - tetrapyrroles and carotenoids
D) Properties of pigment excited states in vitro and in vivo. Principles of excitation energy transfers and charge separations
E) Molecular structures and functions of light-harvesting complexes - LHC's of plants, phycobilisoms of cyanobacteria and red algae, LHC's of photosynthetic bacteria
F) Photosynthetic reaction centers - Structure-function relationships - Evolution of reaction centers
G) Electron transport and photophosphorylations - Cytochrome b6/f structure and function, application of chemiosmotic theory to photophosphorylation - Peculiarities and regulation of chloroplastic ATP synthase
H) Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for analysing photochemical processes and energy dissipation in vivo - Theory of the relations between yields and energy fluxes - Ecophysiological applications
I) Regulation of photosynthetic electron transport - Protein phosphorylation, state transitions, non-photochemical quenching, xanthophyll cycle, photoinhibition, mitochondria/chloroplast interactions
J) Bacteriorhodopsin: a special photo-dependent proton pump |
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| Course objective : | Respiration generates a proton electrochemical gradient which can be used as driving force for ATP synthesis. Aims of the course are to explain the principles that govern oxidative phosphorylation and to study the structures of protein complexes implicated. The balance between energy conserving and energy dissipating systems as well as the mitochondrial plasticity in front of energetic stresses are stressed. |
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| Prerequisites : | General Biochemistry. Cellular physiology. |
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| Organization : | 2 lessons per week during the 1st semester (theory and rehearsals). |
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| Written notes : | "Bioenergetics 3" by David G. Nicholls and Stuart J. Ferguson, Academic press 2002 + book chapters and articles written in English by F. Sluse are the documentary bases . There is no specific teaching notes. |
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| Assessment : | Oral individual exam after written preparation. |
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| Contacts : | Francis E. SLUSE
Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Chemistry, Bât. B6c (3rd floor ), 4000 Liège 1 (Sart Tilman).
Tél. : 04/366.35.87 ou 35.71 - Fax : 04/366.28.78 - E-mail : F.Sluse@ulg.ac.be |
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