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| CHIM0073-1 | Procédés de chimie macromoléculaire
[ english version ]
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| Durée : | 15h Th | |||||
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| Crédits/ECTS : |
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| Titulaire(s) : | Jean‑Marie Liégeois | |||||
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| Aperçu général : | The history of polymers knowledge and technology developments : from Goodyear to Baekeland and from Staudinger to Natta, and nanomaterials. The heterodisperse character of many features when it comes to convert a monomer into a polymer; comparison with low MW chemicals processes. Specific aspects of making polymers : the locus of macromolecule formation versus the medium, the viscosity build up, the dissipation of the heat of reaction, and the new sense of product quality and purity are discussed. The rationale of an appropriate classification of steps in polymer manufacture, reaction mechanisms methods routes and processes, to make it suitable to the chemical engineer needs. The essential distinction comes to be chain addition method against polycondensation method so that each one is fully described by its own set of kinetic equations. Copolymerization, grafting, departure of side products or not, crosslinking, inhibition, and short stops are shown to be singular aspects taken into account in the generalized scheme of either method. The detailed calculation is performed for non-crosslinking radical chain addition method and for the linear polycondensation method (others are presented in CHIM0051-1). Consequently approximate lifetime ratio of the kinetic and the molecular chains is estimated for several pairs of mechanism / method as it will eventually condition the design of the reactor. Quick review of industrial monomers nomenclature associated with applicable mechanism(s) and method, noticing the enthalpy of reaction. The routes for implementing a given polymerization method with a selected reaction mechanism : in the bulk homogenous, in the bulk with phase separation, in true solution, in solution with precipitation, in suspension, in emulsion, and reverse emulsion. The Flory - Huggins theory applied to monomer (solvent) polymer systems is presented. Also refreshing the principles of liquid - liquid dispersions as they apply to both suspension and emulsion routes. Discussing the reactor design matrix depending on the above mentioned lifetimes of reactive species and dead polymer : batch, CSTR, semi-continuous, fluidized bed, refluxed column, staged tower, cascade, tubular, loop, and combinations thereof. Remarks: the complete processes from monomer storage to strip off, used for the fabrication of commercial plastics, synthetic rubbers, and thermosets together with safety matters and runaway prevention are taught in CHIM0051. | |||||
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| Objectif du cours : | The course intends to provide the students with a good understanding of as many chemical events as possible, yet coupled with physical phenomena that occur in a polymerization process. The material is being presented in a rather generic manner so as to stimulate innovative applications wherever the new professional feels confident to bring it to reality. | |||||
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| Pré-requis : | General chemistry and general physics | |||||
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| Organisation : | Lectures 2hr per week during Spring term | |||||
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| Notes de cours : | Course text-notes are partially available. All figures, graphs, and tables are available. | |||||
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| Evaluation : | Oral examination following a written preparation of 2 questions at random | |||||
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| Contacts : | jean-marie.liegeois@ulg.ac.be | |||||
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ULg : Administration de l'Enseignement et des Etudiants - Affaires Académiques
Responsable de l'information : Monique Marcourt, direction A.E.E.
Date de validité des données : 27/02/2006
Réalisation SEGI